Student press freedom Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Understudy press opportunity - Assignment Example The opportunity of the press is very tremendous, with the end goal that a couple of lawmakers have alluded to the open press as the fourth home, basically presenting on it a similar level of significance and hugeness as the other three parts of the legislature. It can direct its own requests looking for truth, for the sake of open premium, as insightful news coverage in which certain peculiarities including open assets can be revealed, for instance. Opportunity of the press conveys with it immense powers yet forces the exacting guidelines of morals and standards embraced by the individuals from the press who think about their activity as a calling. All things considered, the press alludes initially to past systems in which news and data are acquired from papers, however in todays advanced world, press likewise alludes to a wide range of media accessible, similar to print, radio, TV, and Internet (messages, online journals, and person to person communication locales) where data can sp read rapidly to be sure on an overall premise. The option to practice this opportunity is interchangeable with all the obligations to practice it in a capable way, to forestall manhandles, advance government assistance, and keep up journalistic freedom. This paper examines a portion of the issues including the laws on media, and specifically, the particular sub-subject of opportunity of the understudy press. In such manner, understudies who work in their own understudy or school distributions learn firsthand the essentials of what capable reporting is tied in with, increasing significant involvement with the activity of this significant fundamental sacred right.

Swimming: An Important Life Skill

An Important Life Skill Swimming is a significant and essential fundamental ability to have; therefore it ought to be remembered for part of the wellbeing educational program at Negotiation High School. In the event that an individual has the correct information on life sparing aptitudes/procedures, the person will have the option to spare their own life just as others. Swimming is additionally a plenteous method of activity. Finally, it is a pleasurable movement. Did you realize that 3,400 individuals suffocate in the US every year? Envision being one of those people.Even on the off chance that it may not be quick, serious swimming, essential aptitudes are important for endurance. On the off chance that you can be clever and can glide for two or three minutes you have the ability to spare your own life. Lifesaving is another urgent expertise to have. At the point when somebody is near suffocating, the individual in question may just have a couple of seconds to live. Inside those min utes, if an individual who has been prepared in lifesaving abilities, the individual in question would have the option to spare the suffocating casualty. While doing so it is significant not to reach the person in question or, more than likely the person in question may bring the rescuer down with him or her.The swimming unit in health shows us how to do as such. It additionally teaches us on the alerts one should take while sparing an oblivious casualty so it doesn't bring about the casualty's neck snapping. Swimming is additionally an incredible method of activity. It doesn't destroy the Joints so individuals can utilize this as a technique for practice in any event, when they become older. It is an astounding method to remain in respectable state of being consistently. With different games, individuals will in general need to quit any pretense of playing since it regularly brings about Joints beginning to hurt and wear out. This prompts individuals getting urge.With swimming, thi s is a factor that individuals are not worried about since joints are rarely stressed. It can likewise be a pleasurable action. On the off chance that your companions all chose to go to the sea shore and you were the one in particular who didn't have a clue how to swim, undoubtedly, you would not wind up making some incredible memories. Learning Just the fundamental abilities of swimming can keep you from making some terrible memories at the sea shore, for example. There are numerous games you can play in the water if serious swimming isn't an agreeable movement as you would see it. This rundown of sports include: water polo, volleyball,Frisbee, and so on. It tends to be construed that swimming is an exceptionally basic ability to know. It very well may be utilized to spare someone else's life or your own existence with a couple of straightforward methods and strokes. Swimming, correspondingly, is an astonishing method to exercise and remain fit as a fiddle through a mind-blowing co urse since it doesn't destroy Joints like most different games do. All in all, it is likewise an extraordinary recreation action. These are Just a couple of the abundant measure of reasons why swimming is a significant course and ought to be a piece of the wellbeing educational plan at Negotiation High School. By Mauritania

Diurnal Mood Variation Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Coping

Diurnal Mood Variation Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Coping Depression Types Print An Overview of Diurnal Mood Variation By Nancy Schimelpfening Nancy Schimelpfening, MS is the administrator for the non-profit depression support group Depression Sanctuary. Nancy has a lifetime of experience with depression, experiencing firsthand how devastating this illness can be. Learn about our editorial policy Nancy Schimelpfening Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Daniel B. Block, MD on January 27, 2020 twitter linkedin Daniel B. Block, MD, is an award-winning, board-certified psychiatrist who operates a private practice in Pennsylvania. Learn about our Medical Review Board Daniel B. Block, MD Updated on February 04, 2020 Cecilie_Arcurs / Getty Images More in Depression Types Causes Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Childhood Depression Suicide In This Article Table of Contents Expand Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Coping View All Back To Top While technically not a separate diagnosis from clinical depression, diurnal mood variation is sometimes referred to as “morning depression.” Diurnal mood variation doesnt appear as a unique entry in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5), though its considered a hallmark symptom of severe clinical depression?? (specifically the melancholic subtype???).   People who experience diurnal mood variation typically feel the symptoms of melancholic depression most intensely in the morning and notice a gradual improvement as the day goes on.   For those who have mild depression and other mood disorders, its not uncommon to experience the opposite: A person may have more energy and a better mood earlier in the day, with symptoms of depression becoming worse at night. Studies have also shown that people who don’t have depression may also experience similar fluctuations in mood, however, they usually report these fluctuations are in response to certain situations or influences.?? People who are depressed may feel there is no clear reason for the mood changes they experience at certain times of the day, and unlike people who do not have depression, they may feel that they are unable to control the changes.   While there are some similarities, diurnal mood variation differs from mood changes that occur with the change of seasons. Its also not the same as seasonal affective disorder (SAD), which is typically influenced by the time of year rather than the time of day.   The Most Common Types of Depression Symptoms People who have depression with diurnal mood variation have a low mood and feel that their depression symptoms are at their worst in the morning, but they seem to get better throughout the day.   In addition to characteristic clinical depression symptoms like profound sadness and low mood, people with diurnal mood variation may also: Sleep longer than normal (known as hypersomnia)Have trouble waking up or getting out of bedFeel extremely tired and lethargic upon waking, creating difficulty completing daily tasks or a morning routine (such as showering, dressing, making breakfast)Have problems focusing and poor concentrationBe irritable or easily frustratedHave little to no enthusiasm or interest in the day ahead (even if pleasurable activities are planned) Causes As with the causes of clinical depression, the driving force behind diurnal mood variation isnt completely understood. One theory researchers are exploring that seems likely is that the variations occur in response to circadian rhythms. Your circadian rhythm is the natural pattern of variations in wakefulness, body temperature, blood pressure, and hormone levels that your body goes through during a 24-hour day. Even people who dont have a mood disorder can experience sleep trouble based on changes in their circadian rhythm, so it makes sense that these irregularities could contribute to symptoms of depression.   Researchers know that people who have depression are especially vulnerable to irregularities in their internal clock and sleep patterns.?? A person’s mood can be affected even when they knowingly alter their sleep patterns, such as by staying up later or rising earlier to accommodate work or social activities.   Mood swings may be instigated by changes to external light and dark cues, such as the timing of sunrise and sunset. These factors can also influence other depressive disorders such as SAD. On a positive note, research also suggests that making changes to try to stabilize the relationships between activities like sleep, wakefulness, eating, exercise, meal times, and the timing of medication can help decrease the impact of diurnal mood variation.?? Why Some People Are More Prone to Depression Than Others Diagnosis Diurnal mood variation doesn’t have its own specific diagnostic criteria. People who experience it are usually diagnosed with major depression or a similar condition. For example, some people with bipolar disorder experience similar symptoms and may be initially misdiagnosed with unipolar depression.?? A thorough assessment by a trained professional is vital to making the distinction, as these conditions require different treatments.??   While your doctor or psychiatrist is evaluating you for depression or another mental health disorder, they will often ask questions about your sleep habits, as well as how your mood changes throughout the day. For example, they may ask if you are sleeping more or less than usual, how well you are sleeping, and if you feel better in the morning than in the afternoon or evening. Depression Discussion Guide Get our printable guide to help you ask the right questions at your next doctors appointment. Download PDF How Depression Is Diagnosed Treatment If you experience diurnal mood variation, start by talking to your doctor or mental health professional about your options for treating the specific type of depression you have, including different forms of psychotherapy, medications, or a combination of interventions.   Light Therapy It’s unclear if depression causes circadian rhythm disturbances or if disruption of one’s circadian rhythm contributes to depression. In either case, phototherapy may also help people with morning depression.?? Also known as light therapy or lightbox therapy, phototherapy involves shining full-spectrum bright light that mimics natural outdoor light on your face while sitting the appropriate distance away from the light box. During phototherapy, you will either sit next to a lightbox or be fitted with visor designed to expose your eyes to artificial light that mimics natural daylight. Light therapy is used to treat an array of medical and mental health conditions, including bipolar disorder, schizoaffective disorder, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and sleep disorders like insomnia. Medications Supplements   There are several different classes of antidepressant medications that can be prescribed for depression. Research has suggested that some medications may be more effective at addressing morning depression than others.?? Melatonin is a hormone that helps regulate your bodys circadian rhythm. Some people find taking a melatonin supplement improves their sleep patterns and may help them cope with symptoms of morning depression.?? Research has suggested that a specific atypical antidepressant called agomelatine, a synthetic form of melatonin, could be an effective treatment for depression with diurnal mood variation.?? However, as of 2019 agomelatine is not available in the United States.?? The drug is available in the United Kingdom where it is sold under the brand name Valdoxian. An Overview of the Treatments for Depression Coping If you experience morning depression, you may also find it helpful to try making some lifestyle changes to see if your symptoms improve, such as: Stick to a sleep schedule. Go to bed at the same time each evening and wake up at the same time each morning.  Dont take naps. If you can’t do without, try to keep naps short. Avoid taking one late in the day, as it may affect your sleep at night.Curate a sleep space. Make your bedroom conducive to rest and relaxation. Keep it quiet, cool, and dark. Dont do any activities in your bed other than sleep or have sex. Your brain associates your bed with what you do there. If you watch TV, do work on your laptop, or play games on your phone in bed, it becomes associated with these activities as well.  Dim the lights. The light from your computer, TV, and phone screen can trick your brain into thinking its morning, making it more difficult to fall and stay asleep. Turn off screens at least one hour before you head to bed.Avoid stimulants. Don’t drink alcohol or caffeine-containing coffee, tea, or hot chocolate too close to bedtime. Tobacco can also contribute to poor sleep qualityâ€"ano ther reason to try to quit smoking.    Get physical. Regular exercise helps regulate mood and can improve your sleep, but timing is key. A good workout can be stimulating, so some people prefer exercising in the morning. If you’re not an early riser or your schedule only leaves time for the gym later in the day, just try to wrap up your workout at least four hours before it’s time to tuck in.Optimize your mental energy. If you have any flexibility in your schedule, try to avoid making appointments, taking meetings, or working on big projects earlier in the day. Studies have even suggested going to therapy later in the day (when you may feel more mentally up for a session) can be beneficial.??   Tips for Living With Depression A Word From Verywell If you have depression, you may notice your symptoms seem worse at certain times of the day. While diurnal mood variation or morning depression isnt a diagnosis in and of itself, it can be a symptom of major depression (specifically melancholic depression). It’s important that you talk to your doctor or a mental health professional if you recognize depression symptoms and they are impacting your daily life. Certain medications, therapies, and lifestyle changes may be able to help you cope with the fluctuations in your mood throughout the day. Together with your doctor, you can find what works best for you. Why Am I Only Depressed at Night?

Pride And Prejudice V Bride And Prejudice Essay - 1603 Words

The way of life in this modern society has developed itself over hundreds of years. Still, however changed, the values of todays society remain from the period of Regency England. Regency England, being the super power of the world in the 18th century, imposed the morals and ethics upon the world as they did their own country, where people were expected to abide by. Jane Austen illustrates the values of this prejudiced society through Pride and Prejudice, which involved the role of women as a major, governing over their marriages for economic sustainability and their lack of authority. Austens controversial novel was adapted into a feature film which presented the real and gritty society as how it truly was during the time of Regency†¦show more content†¦engaged. Pathetic fallacy is employed to portray the dreaded effect of displeasure this has on Elizabeth that her best friend is engaged to such a ridiculous man. In her own defence against Elizabeths disappointment, she cla ims that [shes] been offered a comfortable home and protection. [Shes] twenty seven years old. [She has] no money and no prospects. [Shes] already a burden to [her] parents, and [shes] frightened. Charlottes desperate actions executed against her will to obtain financial security exemplify the exact reason why most women initially married during the time of Regency England Ââ€" which was entirely out of the benefit of their families. The source of Charlottes distress stems from the fact that women are unable to inherit their familys fortune unless they marry a man who can. From birth, women are thrown into a race to wed in fear of being disowned or becoming a burden to the family when the father of the household dies. Marriage, at the time, was mainly viewed as a commitment solely for the purpose of economic sustainability rather than a one of love and care. In 20th century India, these laws and morals of Regency England that bind women are not so strict that they are fated to ruin without marriage, but are continued in the customs and way of living. In Bride and Prejudice, the situation remains similar for Chandra Lamba to Charlottes from Pride and Prejudice. TheShow MoreRelatedPride and Prejudice V Bride and Prejudice1600 Words   |  7 Pagesthis prejudiced society through Pride and Prejudice, which involved the role of women as a major, governing over their marriages for economic sustainability and their lack of authority. Austens controversial novel was adapted into a feature film which presented the real and gritty society as how it truly was during the time of Regency England; before the adaptation was released, Austens work was paralleled in 20th century India as the transformation, Bride and Prejudice. These films realise for theirRead MoreLexical Features Structure Features and Rhetorical Devices of English Newspaper Headlines 1394 Words   |  6 Pagescellular Sec – second Reps – representatives Info – information Int’l – international Deli– delicatessen Hi-fi – high fidelity Hi-tech – high technology 3-D – three dimensional G-7 – Group of seven A-bomb – atom bomb V-day – victory day [3] Compound Compound words in English newspaper are usually formed by two or over two words. By compounding, we can make complicated structure simpler, what’s more, save space. Examples: â‘   â€Å"Plan to aid school dropouts extended†Read MoreThe Civil Rights Movement, And Star Trek3373 Words   |  14 PagesPresident Harry S. Truman signed an executive order that desegregated the military. During President Dwight D. Eisenhower’s two terms in office, challenges were made to end segregation. In 1954 the United States Supreme Court heard the case of Brown v. Board of Education which was a case about segregation in public schools. The case was reheard that year by Chief Justice Warren. The decision was unanimous and stated that separate educational facilities were not equal. This decision was the beginningRead MoreInfluence Of Western Customs Of Wedding Essay9329 Words   |  38 Pagesevolution of certain values such as liberty, individualism, the development of a ‘public sphere,’ the separation of secular and sacred realms within a society. TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION ii ABSTRACT iii LIST OF TABLES iv LIST OF FIGURES v DEFINITION OF TERMS vi CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Background to the Study 1 1.1.1 Muslim Marriage Ceremonies 2 1.1.2 Elements of Western Customs on Muslim Marriage 4 1.1.3 Influence of Western Customs on Islamic Marriage 5 1.2 Statement of the ProblemRead MoreTaking a Look at Papua New Guinea3227 Words   |  13 Pagesthe colonial economy as mission helpers and plantation workers. Missionaries’ activities also led to the expansion of Christianity and Western education; the building of roads, airstrips, and radio stations; and the shared experience of racial prejudice directed at local peoples by many whites. III. Society Port Moresby is the capital and the largest city with a population of over quarter of a million residents. Throughout the whole island and its outer territories, an estimated total ofRead MoreBollywoods Popular Culture in the South Asian Diaspora Essays2258 Words   |  10 Pagesneeds of the South Asian diaspora. This applies especially to the language, the religion (which is rarely absent in a film’s narrative, the customs and the traditions of the ‘homeland’. Bollywood offers recognition and identification, pride and self-esteem, cultural identity. Primarily in the case of young non-resident Indians a development termed in the social sciences as creolisation is taking place. Particularly in western countries young people are explicitly creatingRead MorePropaganda by Edward L Bernays34079 Words   |  137 PagesPROPAGANDA By EDWARD L. BERNAYS 1928 CONTENTS I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. X. XI. ORGANIZING CHAOS .................................................. THE NEW PROPAGANDA ............................................ THE NEW PROPAGANDISTS .... 9 19 32 47 62 THE PSYCHOLOGY OF PUBLIC RELATIONS BUSINESS AND THE PUBLIC .... PROPAGANDA AND POLITICAL LEADERSHIP 92 WOMENS ACTIVITIES AND PROPAGANDA . . . 115 121 135 141 150 PROPAGANDA FOR EDUCATION PROPAGANDA IN SOCIAL SERVICERead MoreFeminine Mystique12173 Words   |  49 Pagesstriking, the sharpest rise in the United States came among women aged fifteen to nineteen. In Great Britain, Canada, and Germany, on the other hand, the rise was more equally distributed among age groups. What was it that made so many American teen brides give up the chance of college and a career for early marriage and homemaking? Friedan s answer was to look more closely at the mass media. Magazines, radio, movies, television had all come to play a predominant role in the modern era. They exposedRead MoreIgbo Dictionary129408 Words   |  518 Pages................................................................................. 1 Abbreviations: Parts of speech of headwords have been indicated in this edition as follows adj. aux. v. cf. coll. conj. dem. E. enc. esp. ext. suff. H. infl. suff. int. int. lit. n. num. p.n. prep. pron. poss. quant. usu. v. Y. adjective auxiliary verb compare colloquial conjunction demonstrative English enclitic especially extensional suffix Hausa inflectional suffix interjection interrogative literally nounRead MoreFrankenstein Study Guide14107 Words   |  57 Pagesrelieve his agonizing loneliness. Frankenstein agrees, but on the verge of animating the female creature, he destroys it. The creature responds by resuming his rampage of revenge. He kills Frankenstein’s closest friend and later Frankenstein’s new bride. Frankenstein vows to kill the monster. He pursues the creature all the way to the Arctic but then dies on Walton’s ship. The creature comes to Frankenstein’s deathbed, confesses his remorse, and vows he will end his own life. 2 For the Teacher Frankenstein

Analysis Of The Poem Ceres - 1014 Words

Two whole months; that was how long it had been since Ceres’ had seen here daughter Proserpina after she left to go spend some time by the seaside while her mother worked. Ceres was tanned with gray hair and some wrinkles from working out in the sun, tending to crops. Proserpina had promised to be home within a month and a half to spend some time with her mother but Ceres had not seen nor heard from her. This causes Ceres worry that her daughter had not listened to her warnings and wandered into the dangerous forest all alone; so Ceres sets out on a journey to find her. After her journey to the seaside, Ceres finds the sea nymphs which her daughter had traveled with and ask them, â€Å"My daughter, Proserpina, has not returned home to me would†¦show more content†¦The sound is loud and wakes the mastiff up causing him to run towards it, away from Ceres. As swiftly as she can, Ceres runs through the gates and away from where the mastiff stays. She quickly runs past Ri ver Lethe and straight to King Pluto’s Castle. When she enters the castle she neither sees nor hears anyone so she decides to sneakily make her way up the jeweled staircase. She reaches the hallway at the top of the stairs and instantly hears a familiar voice singing in one of the rooms. She runs towards it, her heart beating as fast as it can from joy. She opens the door to the room and gasp as she sees her Proserpina sitting in the window. Proserpina stops singing and turns to see her mother; her heart instantly filling with happiness. She runs towards her and hugs her while saying, â€Å"Oh mother, I’m so sorry I should have listened to you!† â€Å"I am just so glad I found you, I don’t know what I would’ve done if I couldn’t find you,† Ceres chokes out through her sobbing. Proserpina pulls away and looks her mother in the eyes, â€Å"Mother we have to get out of here; King Pluto wants to keep me here forever.† â€Å"Okay, let’s hurry down the staircase and get out of the castle.† They both run as fast as possible down the staircase and make it into King Pluto’s garden when they hear him say, â€Å"Where do you think you are going with my dear Proserpina!† They look up to see himShow MoreRelatedEssay on Abstinence and Orgy in Measure for Measure2586 Words   |  11 Pagesrecession of deities and the replacement of divine prerogative by human misapplication of that prerogative unleashes forces which, in seeking to control chaos, themselves prepare for more of it. The context of theology provides one key to this analysis. Thomas Morton’s translation of Calvin’s The Institution of Christian Religion, for example, asserts a tripartite division of temptation as a trial in which God tests us by offering lures; the devil then assails the weakened individuals; and evildoersRead MoreLesson Plan in Science 59456 Words   |  38 Pagesto find out that the sun is also a star? 2. Presentation: a. Activities: 1. Show a picture of the sun. Ask: Tell something about the sun. 2. Read the sun page 292 (see attached B.I.T. sheet) 3. Discussion/Analysis: a. What is named after the Roman god? b. How far is the sun from the Earth? c. Describe the sun according to its size and diameter? d. What are the two (2) elements of the sun? C. Concept Formation:

What Actions Might Be Taken Limit Price Fluctuations Free Essays

string(84) " For instance the problem with supply may cause poor harvest or loss in production\." Title: Distinguish between price elasticity of demand, cross elasticity of demand and income elasticity of demand. What actions might be taken by countries and companies to reduce or limit price fluctuations? Class: Business J Student: Ibrokhim Parviz Student ID: 99592 Tutor name: Sally Word account: Introduction: Nowadays in modern developed market change in prices and other factors are very expected. The change in one of the factors for instance price and effect of it on another factor like demand or supply are measured by elasticity. We will write a custom essay sample on What Actions Might Be Taken Limit Price Fluctuations? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Elasticity is the measure of how the change in one of the factor will be affected on the other factors. Elasticity measures extent to which demand will change. Measure easily can be calculated in percentage (Anderton 2008). After a calculation of elasticity, it’s divided into three types which are classified by values of elasticity: perfectly elastic-infinity; elastic – if value is greater than one; perfectly inelastic- equals zero; inelastic – if the value of elasticity less than one; unitary elasticity – if the value is exactly one (Anderton 2008). There are four basic types of elasticity measure: Price elasticity of demand; Income elasticity of demand; Cross elasticity of demand and Price elasticity of supply. In this essay will be discussed types of elasticity and government intervention in the open market, benefits and negative impacts (Anderton 2008). Note: New quantity demanded – ^Q; New price – ^P; Original Demand – Q; Original Price – P; Percentage change in quantity demanded-%Q; Percentage change in quantity of supply-%S; Percentage change in Price-%P Formula: P (times) ^Q (over) Q (times) ^P Price Elasticity of Demand: Price Elasticity of Demand or also known as Own Price Elasticity of Demand (PED), measures the responsiveness of change in quantity demanded to change in price. The formula is: percentage change in quantity demanded over the percentage change in price. PED has – (negative) sign in front of it; because as price rises demand falls and vice-versa (inverse relationship between price and demand). Determinants of PED are the availability of substitutes and time. PED have some links with changes in total expenditure (Anderton 2008). Example: After increasing price from P1 to P percentage change in price was 10, demand for good X is decreased from Q1 to Q and percentage change in quantity demanded is 60, what is price elasticity of this good? Solution: Formula is %Q / %D, so 60/10=6. PED is greater than one so its elastic good. Elastic demand curve of the Good X Price P P1 0 Q Q1 Quantity Income Elasticity of Demand: Changes in real income of individuals can change the spending pattern of consumers. For instance if the consumer use to buy ketchup made by supermarket which is Normal good, after the increasing of income he can buy a Heinz ketchup so, Heinz will come as normal good, and the ketchup of supermarket production will be inferior good (Anderton 2008). This change measured by Income Elasticity of Demand (Anderton 2008). The formula is percentage change in quantity demanded over percentage change in income. If the answer will be positive sign it means its normal good; if negative sign, inferior good. Difference between inferior good and normal is by their income elasticity of demand. For instance holidays and recreational activities are with high income elasticity of demand, whereas washing up liquid have a low income elasticity of demand. If the value of income elasticity is lies between +1 and -1 so its inelastic. If it greater +1 or less than -1 so it is elastic. Example: Demand for housing increase by 10 per cent, simultaneous income of consumers rises by 5 per cent. Calculate income elasticity of demand. Solution: Formula is percentage change in quantity demanded over percentage change in income, so 10/5 = 2. The value of income elasticity of demand is greater than one, so it is elastic. Cross elasticity of demand: As it knows change in price of good can affect change in demand of that good. However, if the goods are substitute or complements, the change of price in one of them, may lead to change in another. Cross elasticity of demand measures this kind of changes (Anderton 2008). Good which are substitutes will have a positive cross elasticity, and if goods are complement, it will have a negative cross elasticity. If the goods have a small relationship between each other the may have a zero cross elasticity. For instance a rise in demand for luxury cars, likely may have no effect on Tipp-Ex. Demand is cross elastic if it is between +1 and -1, if cross elasticity is greater than +1 or less than -1, then it is elastic. Example: Price of macaroni was increased by 10 per cent. Quantity demanded for cheese was increased by 20 per cent. What is cross elasticity of demand. Solution: The formula is Percentage change in quantity demanded of Good X over percentage change in price of Good Y. So, 20/10=2. Value is greater than one, so it is elastic. Price elasticity of supply: Also can be measured the responsiveness of quantity supplied to changes in price, this is called Price Elasticity of Supply (Anderton 2008). The formula is: percentage change in supply over percentage change in price. The curve of supply is upward sloping; it means an increase in price leads to an increase in quantity supplied. An elasticity of supply equal one can have a straight line which passes supply curve. For instance if the price of shoes goes up, producers to make more profit produce more shoes which leads to increase the supply. Example: The percentage change in price is 10, the percentage change in quantity supplied is 20. Calculate the price elasticity of supply. Solution: 20/10=2, so product is elastic. Elastic demand curve of the Good X P P1 Price / Q Q1 Quantity The prices of commodity goods are going up and down. The reason of price fluctuation is changes in supply or demand. Equilibrium in price find when supply and demand will intersect each other. The change in one of them will cause price fluctuate. For instance the problem with supply may cause poor harvest or loss in production. You read "What Actions Might Be Taken Limit Price Fluctuations?" in category "Essay examples" Chan ge in demand can be caused by change in technology, income or substitutes (Parkin 2010). Mostly in agricultural or commodity markets there is large price fluctuation in price in very short time. This can give negative impact on producers, for instance they may have over or under production in short term; or calculate over or under investment in long terms. Also prices can be too high for essential goods, like bread or rice, problem with this goods can cause a disorder in country caused by young adults which not satisfied with high prices, similar situation was in Egypt in 2011. On the other hand prices can be too low, for instance cigarettes, its generally known that smoking harms health, governments to protect citizens making new rules, for which they spend money, for that reason it can make negative impact on governments economic. Another example can be farmers, if the incomes of farmers will be too low, they can leave the land and stop production, so governments needs to decide to increase their incomes (Parkin 2010). Although there is also other motives of intervention government to market. Government can intervene market for benefits of their citizens or themselves. For instance, Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries or OPEC, this organization is a group of countries which sets prices high in long term to increase their revenues (Parkin 2010). By the way theoretically it can increase living standard of citizens that country. Stable prices: The reason why stable prices are important for companies or government is that big firms can have a plan on a long term basis; if consumer spend on one good more than on another it may cause problem for other part of economy of country. Governments of each country decide how to reduce or limit fluctuation. There are few ways that government can equalize the price and keep it stable. For instance: maximum/minimum prices; encourage the development of substitutes; establish buffer stock; use of subsides; devote more factor resources; export bans or changes in import tariffs. Now will be discussed they ways of intervention with the positive and negative sides. Maximum prices: Government can intervene market and set up new maximum price which will be lover then previous to help consumers in short term be available to purchase that good. In long term in can cause problem, because consumer will demand more, but sellers will supply as usually, so there may be arise problem with excess demand. Minimum prices: Minimum prices are usually to help producers increase their incomes. Negative impact of this change is that consumers can react on higher price of good, and decrease the demand, so in the end there will be excess supply (Parkin 2010). However, there is two solutions for excess supply. One of them is to buy the extra production by the government and sell it back in low prices, sale it to farmers for their animals, offering it to those who in need this good in EU or to sell it to Third World countries at rock bottom prices (Parkin 2010). Another way to solve it is to restrict the production. The government can force the farmers to leave the part of their land uncultivated(Parkin 2010). This can lead to shifting the supply curve to the left. Reducing output to achieve higher prices is the way in which OPEC works(Parkin 2010). New substitutes: Government can encourage new substitutes. For instance substitutes for coal energy can be solar energy or wind energy (Parkin 2010). New substitutes can increase supply, by shifting it to the right and decrease the price. These substitutes at beginning need a lot of investment. They need to be invested in long term to keep it working. Also there is other factors which can decrease or increase spending. For instance if it is dusty country government need to keep clean the solar energy equipment. So there is needed machinery and people who will keep it clean in every period that needed. Buffer stock: Buffer stock is an organization which buys and sells goods in the open market to stable price in the market. If the price of goods goes down, buffer stock, buys the goods for stabilizing price, if the price goes up, buffer stock sells good, to take price down. The way buffer stock theoretically seems to be easy in practise, but actually it needs a lot of investment (Sloman 2006). First needs in money is for the goods that must be bought in market. Secondly goods must be stored at condition that can keep it over long time for use. For instance rice must be kept in place with access to fresh air in +15 +20 temperature. Thirdly goods must be under security. On the other hand, theoretically buffer stock can bring profit, because the goods are bought in low market price where was intervention and sold below the intervention. This is mostly with primary products, such as gold, tin and agricultural-wheat and beef. This mainly due to supply side influences. For instance demand and supply for canned tomatoes can be staying same for long term, nearly one year. If there excess in supply, canned tomatoes can be stored, if demand increase they can sell from stored. However, this is different for fresh tomatoes, for instance supply in summer time is great and price relatively low, but in winter time the supply is low and prices are high. Example for intervention of buffer stock on market can be olive oil. In European Union there is excess supply and prices of oil going down. Farmers are disappointed because they lose profits. European Union decided to buy olive oil for 24$ million dollars. Use of subsidies: Government to stabilize the price can use of subsidies. Subsidies is the money which is granted to producers to reduce the production, or to decrease the price. For instance producers of the rice have excess supply over long term which leads to decreasing the price. Next time government gives money for farmers to leave a piece of land uncultivated so there will be no excess supply. The different interventions are likely to be: The different interventions are likely to have some advantages and disadvantages. Government should make a research before starting intervention on market (McDowell 2012). It must be taken into account every question which can be come up in realisation of the project. For instance before encourage new substitutes how it can effect market, is it effective, or how much needed investment for start-up. All this question must be seem from every sides so in the future there will not be problem. Bibliography: Anderton, A (2008). Economics Fifth Edition AQA. 5th ed. Essex: Pearson education. P30-132. McDowell, M. (2012). Economics. London: McGraw-Hill Higher Education. p45-62. Parkin M. (2010). Economics. 9th ed. US: Pearson. p56-60. Sloman, J. (2006). Economics. 6th ed. London: Financial Times Prentice Hall. p89-104. How to cite What Actions Might Be Taken Limit Price Fluctuations?, Essay examples

McCarthyism and the Crucible free essay sample

During these hearings, he forced people to give up Ames Of Other followers and if they refused to give names Of Others, they were imprisoned. In Arthur Millers, the Crucible it was a based off the Salem Witch Trials. This era had the same tactics of dealing with the supposed followers as McCarthy, but in this case it was for witchcraft. Many people were accused of witchcraft and put to death for being related to the accusations. The Salem Witch Trials and McCarthy were both examples of false accusations and public hysteria. The Crucible and McCarthy were both fueled by fear.In the onset of the Crucible, Abigail, a woman who was in love with John Proctor, began blaming people of being affiliated with witchcraft and communicating with the devil. She said, She made me do it! She made Betty do it.. She makes me drink blood! (Miller 1. 43). Baby had blamed Tuba about being a part of witchcraft and it soon lead to her death because she couldnt plead innocent. We will write a custom essay sample on McCarthyism and the Crucible or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page During this time the courts would just blame you for being a part of witchcraft and it was almost impossible to prove your innocence. Abigail kept blaming people and soon created the fear in the town because they believe she would blame them next.Many people became very cautious of their actions in the town cause they were afraid of being accused. McCarthy was fueled by the fear of the communists taking over and a potential nuclear war. Joseph McCarthy installed this fear into everyone because neither he nor the United States knew who was a communist or not. There had been spies that snuck into the states. The trust of people was lost and everyone was afraid of being accused themselves. In William Puffs, Revisionist View of McCarthy Misses the Mark, he states, McCarthy was not about spies, it was about people who had been communist party members, or who had expresses pro-Communist or fellow traveling sympathies. McCarthy had been cautious of the potential threats but he took it to far. It was almost impossible to prove your innocence. He made it so hard that to prove your innocence you had to tell the government about someone else who had affiliation with the communist life style. McCarthy and the Witch Trials had different ways of following through with their prosecutions. During the Salem Witch Trials, the people who were accused of witchcraft and denied their affiliation with the devil were hanged. There was no sympathy to the false accusations they made. When JohnProctor takes the blame for his own wife, to avoid her death he accepts the punishment but will not sign that he is affiliated, Hale says Excellent is it enough he confess himself. Let him sign it, let him sign it. (Miller W. 141) John Proctor believes that his word is worth the amount of his signature because if he were to sign he would be signing his life way. He would lose his dignity and eventually he lost his life. During McCarthy nobody was killed for being accused. Most people were imprisoned and came out of prison with a bad reputation. A major example of this was the Hollywood Ten.These were people in the filming industry who were accused of communism. McCarthy assumed that they were affiliated because of their movies, or shows had hidden messages telling people to follow communism. After many court hearings these celebrities were convicted. In HAUSA and The Hollywood Ten, during and after the trials The Hollywood Ten were blacklisted. This meant that no one in the business would work with them for fear that they would be labeled a communist. The Hollywood Ten lost their income because they had a lack of work and many of them received no further entry back into the film industry and also a bad reputation.Both of these historical events caused for public humiliation and fear. McCarthy and the Salem Witch Trials were very complex events in history. From false accusations, fear, public humiliation and also public hysteria, these TV0 events played a big role in the history of the United States. McCarthy was the fear of communism and in the Crucible it was the fear of witchcraft. The United States has faced many potential problems with fear and these two problems being an example of this concept. Both McCarthy and the Salem Witch Trials were different events but show many correlations between each other.